| The word less is confused in more than one way. Please note the examples: | |
| less | used with quantities that cannot be counted |
| fewer | used with nouns that can be counted |
Examples |
Fewer students are signing up for courses in math and science. |
| They prefer courses requiring less study time. | |
| less | not as much in quantity (less and a singular noun) |
| fewer | not as much in number (fewer and a plural noun) |
| fewest | the smallest in number (fewest and a plural noun) |
| least | the smallest in quantity (least and a singular noun) |
Examples |
There is less opportunity to study Latin in public schools today than in the past. |
| There are fewer students signed up for Latin class this term. | |
| This Latin class has the least chance of remaining part of the curriculum. | |
| The fewest number of students signed up for Latin class this year. | |
| less | smaller in amount or extent; lower in rank |
| lesser | not great in value, quantity, or size |
Examples |
I put less sugar in the tea. |
| I was moved to a less prominent position. | |
| Joyce Kilmer is considered one of the lesser poets. | |
| Joyce Kilmer is a lesser-known poet. | |
| steel | metal alloy of iron and carbon (noun); to brace (verb) |
| steal | to rob |
Examples |
Robin Hood liked to steal from the rich and give to the poor. |
| The steel girders on the bridge make it strong enough to bear thousands of pounds. | |
| Steel yourself, here comes trouble. |
| affect | to influence, to pretend (verbs); feeling (noun) | ||
| effect | a result; being in operation (nouns); to make happen (verb) | ||
Examples |
Self-concept affects learning.1 | ||
| She affected intellectualism by wearing glasses and using long words | |||
| Her affect is always sour in the morning. | |||
| One effect of lunar gravity is tides. | |||
| The new state income tax was in effect last fall. | |||
| The president effected a new policy on international trade. | |||
|
Most often affect is used as a verb and effect is used as a noun. Something that affects you will have an effect on you. |
Your feel anger when someone does something that is cruel or that frustrates you. You can feel anger about things like insults or delays.
Impatience is the firts reaction against a setback and can soon turn to anger if you are not careful.
There was anger at the suffering inflicted by the bombing.
If you feel fury or rage, you have intense feelings of anger whiich are hard to control and can be violent. You can also be “ in a fury” or “ in a rage”.
I nearly smashed the phone in fury.
In a rage I went to his desk, took all his books and hurled them out of the window
1) What were you doing the last time you were rushed off your feet?
2) Do you tend to make heavy weather of jobs you don’t want to do or are you the type that gets them done as quickly as possible?
3) Do you mind doing the donkey work or do you prefer something more challenging?
| Pagar en efectivo | To pay in cash |
| Poder adquisitivo | Purchasing power ; Buying power |
| Precio | Price |
| Precio al contado | Cash price |
| Precio al por mayor | Wholesale price |
| Precio al por menor | Retail price |
| Precio de coste | Cost price |
| Precio de fábrica | Factory price; Manufacturer’s price |
| Precio fijo | Fixed price |
| Prestamista | Lender |
| Préstamo | Borrowing |
| Préstamo; Prestar | Loan |
| Préstamo a corto , largo y medio plazo | Short, long, medium term loan |
| Prestatario | Borrower |
| Presupuesto | Budget |
| Producción | Output ; Production |
| Productividad | Productivity |
| Recaudador de impuestos | Tax collector |
| Saldo de caja | Cash balance |
| Seguro | Insurance |
| Situación económica | Economic situation |
| Subdesarrollo | Underdevelopment |
| Subsidio; Subvención | Allowance; Grant ; Subsidy |
| Talonario de cheques | Chequebook (U.K) ; Check book (USA) |
| Tipo de interés | Rate of interest |
| Título; Valor | Security; Stock |
| Transferencia | Transfer |
| Vencimiento | Maturity |
| Vendedor | Dealer |
| Venta | Sale |
| Venta a plazos | Hire-purchase (U.K) ; Instalment plan USA) |
| Venta al contado | Cash sale |
| Libre de impuesto | Tax-free |
| Libro de caja | Cashbook |
| Libro de contabilidad | Account book |
| Marca ragistrada | Trademark |
| Margen de beneficio | Profit margin |
| Mayorista | Wholesaler |
| Mercado | Market |
| Mercado libre | Open market |
| Mercado negro, estraperlo | Black market |
| Minorista | Retailer |
| Moneda nacional | Domestic |
| Monopolio | Monopoly |
| Nivel de vida | Standard of living |
| Obligación | Bond |
| Oferta | Offer |
| Operación comercial | Commercial |
| Ganancias | Earnings |
| Gastos | Expenses; Expenditure; Outgoings |
| Gastos diversos | Miscellaneous costs |
| Gastos fijos | Fixed costs |
| Gastos generales | Overhead expenses |
| Gastos imprevistos | Contingent expenses; contingencies |
| Giro | Drawing |
| Hipoteca | Mortgage |
| Holding | Holding company |
| Importación | Import; Importation |
| Importador | Importer |
| Impuesto | Duty |
| Impuesto sobre la renta | Income tax |
| Indice de crecimiento | Rate of growth |
| Infraestructura | Infrastructure |
| Ingresos; Renta | Income |
| Interés; Rédito | Interest |
| Intermediario | Middleman |
| Inventario | Inventory; Stocktaking |
| Inversion | Investment |
| Inversionista | Investor |
| Economía | Economic |
| Economista | Economist |
| Efectivo en caja | Cash on hand |
| En vías de desarrollo | Developing |
| Escasez | Scarcity |
| Especulación | Speculation |
| Estado de cuentas | Statement of accounts |
| Estancamiento | Stagnation |
| Existencias | Stocks |
| Exportación | Export; Exportation |
| Exportador | Exporter |
| Fabricante | Manufacturer |
| Fisco; hacienda | Fiscal authorities |
| Fluctuación | Economic fluctuation |
| Fuga de capitales | Capital flight |
| Capital | Capital |
| Capital congelado | Frozen capital |
| Capital disponible | Available capital |
| Capital fijo | Fixed assets |
| Capital inicial | Initial capital |
| Cheque | Cheque (U.K) ; Check (USA) |
| Cheque al portador | Bearer cheque; Cheque payable to bearer |
| Cheque cruzado | Crossed cheque |
| Comercialización | Marketing |
| Comerciante | Merchant; Tradesman |
| Comercio | Commerce; Trade; trading |
| Comercio exterior | Foreign |
| Comercio internacional | International Trade |
| Comercio nacional o interior | Domestic |
| Competencia | Competition |
| Compra | Purchase |
| Comprador | Buyer |
| Consumidor | Consumer |
| Consumo | Consumption |
| Contabilidad | Accounting; Bookkeeping |
| Contable | Accountant; Bookkeeper |
| Contribuyente | Taxpayer |
| Cotización | Quotation |
| Coyuntura | Economic trend |
| Crédito | Credit |
| Cuentacorriente | Current account (U.K) ; Checking account (USA) |
| Deflación | Deflation |
| Demanda | Demand |
| Descuento | Discount |
| Deudor | Debtor |
| Devaluación | Devaluation |
| Dinero | Money |
| Dinero efectivo o en metálico | Cash |
| Dinero suelto; Cambio | Change |
| Dividendo | Dividend |
| Domicilio social | Registered; Head office |
